1. Reduce stocking density
If the density of duck flocks per square meter is too large, it will cause crowding, stacking pressure, and temperature accumulation. Therefore, the number of ducks in the circle should be reduced, and water basins and food troughs should be added.
Duck raising: teal ducks become house ducks, safe and efficient summer
2. Adjust the vocabulary formula
The feed formulations of ducklings at different growth stages are different. The summer feed formula should meet all the essential amino acids, so that the protein level may be at the lowest level to reduce the digestion and heat dissipation of the feed.
3. Change the way of feeding
Net breeding can reduce the contact between young ducks and feces, reduce the chance of disease transmission, and reduce the incidence of disease. At the same time, net breeding can reduce the nutrient consumption and heat production of duck flocks, which is conducive to healthy growth. Therefore, net breeding should be adopted. When raising ducks on the ground, it is best not to use thick bedding, especially straw.
4. Reduce sunlight exposure
Building tall, spacious duck houses is an effective way to reduce the impact of sun exposure. During high temperature, water can be sprayed on the roof or sprayed with water, or white ash can be painted on the roof of the house for ventilation.
5. Optimize feeding time
Try to feed in the early morning and 8:00-10:00 at night, when it is relatively cool, and let the ducks rest more during the day.
6. Do a good job of daily disinfection
Do a good job of disinfection to prevent the breeding of flies and mosquitoes, so that the ducks will be free from pest harassment.
7. Provide fresh feed
During the period of high temperature and high humidity, if the feed is placed for too long or the feed in the trough is stagnant for too long, it will cause fermentation and deterioration, so it should be ensured that fresh feed is supplied.
8. Keep the environment quiet
During the hot period, it is necessary to avoid sudden fright and noise to disturb the ducks, so as to reduce the activity of the ducks to a minimum.
9. Strengthen epidemic prevention and control
Do a good job in the prevention and treatment of epidemic diseases in ducks. If sick ducks are found, they should be treated in time to ensure that the feeding and management measures are carried out smoothly.
Summer is a season that can particularly test the level of poultry breeding. Due to the high temperature in summer, it is easy to cause poor breeding environment, which is very unfavorable for poultry breeding. Therefore, management should be strengthened, and attention should be paid to heatstroke prevention and cooling, so that poultry can have a good growing environment.
In hot summer, high temperature will change the metabolism and physiological function of poultry, resulting in a decrease in growth rate and egg production rate, deterioration of eggshell quality, and a significant decline in physiological function. In severe cases, the morbidity and mortality of flocks are significantly increased, which is heat stress in poultry. The optimum temperature for poultry is 18-24°C, which is called the isothermal zone. The temperature exceeds the upper limit critical temperature of the isothermal zone. In order to dissipate heat in time, poultry will stop exercising, crouch on the ground or on the net, stretch out their wings, and rely on Heat wheezing, breathing rate greatly increased. According to statistics, the respiratory rate of normal adult poultry is 120 times/min. When the temperature rises to 35°C, the respiratory rate can increase to 150 times/min, and at 41°C, it can reach 180 times/min. Experiments show that when the critical temperature is exceeded, the feed intake of poultry decreases by 1.6% for every 1 °C increase, and the decline in feed intake increases significantly when the temperature exceeds 30 °C. At the same time, the digestibility of most amino acids in poultry is also reduced, and the nutrient supply in poultry is insufficient, thus affecting the production performance of poultry. Clinically, the following methods can be taken to effectively prevent heat stress in poultry.
Heat stress is a series of abnormal reactions that occur in birds under the high temperature environment in summer, resulting in the disorder of physiological functions, which is manifested as a rapid decline in production performance, and even a large number of shock and death. How to take effective measures to reduce heat stress factors in summer, improve the ability to resist heat stress, and achieve stable and high yields is especially important for professional poultry farmers in cages and groups. Now I will introduce the measures I have taken to prevent heat stress in many years of breeding practice for reference.
1. Poultry houses are generally constructed in an east-west direction and facing south. The surrounding eaves should exceed the wall by more than 1 meter to avoid direct sunlight. It is painted white with white paint or white-grey water to increase the house's reflection of sunlight. In addition, if conditions permit, thermal insulation layers such as foam plastic and plywood should be added under the roof to reduce heat conduction to the poultry house.
2. On the one hand, the wall height of the poultry house should be kept above 3 meters, and the span should be controlled within 9 meters. On the other hand, the poultry house should open as many ventilation windows as possible, and they should be evenly distributed to ensure smooth and even ventilation. Conditional poultry houses are best to adopt an open structure, use textile cloth or plastic film to make curtains, and put down the curtains when it rains and direct sunlight.
3. It is forbidden to plant shrubs around the green and shaded poultry house to keep the poultry house open and facilitate ventilation, but some fast-growing trees and vines such as pumpkins, lentils, grapes, etc. can be planted nearby, which not only beautifies the environment, but also beautifies the environment. Reduces solar radiation.
4. Sufficient supply of cold water and high-quality drinking water is an important measure to improve the heat stress resistance of poultry. When the temperature rises, it is necessary to increase the number of drinking fountains to ensure sufficient and hygienic drinking water. At the same time, consideration should be given to the setting of reservoirs and water pipes. The reservoirs outside the house should be set in the shade of trees, and the water pipes should be buried in the ground to supply cool water, and water with a high water temperature should not be supplied.
5. In the hottest season of spray cooling, water can be sprayed on the roof of the poultry house and the surrounding environment at noon to dissipate heat by evaporation.
6. Adjust the time to change the daytime feeding to early morning and evening feeding when it is cool. It is best to use pellets and adopt a combination of artificial light and natural light. Turn on the lights at about 1 o'clock in the middle of the night every day to let the birds lay eggs when the day is bright, so as to avoid Lay eggs during high heat around noon to reduce heat stress.
7. Limit feeding during the highest temperature period from 10:00 to 14:00 every day, only drinking water can be provided, and feeding can be stopped. Feeding when the temperature is slightly lower, the effect is better.
8. Reduce the density. For example, the stocking density is reduced from about 15 per square meter to about 10, and the feathers on the breast and abdomen, inner thighs, and under the wings of egg birds are cut off, which can reduce the total amount of heat production in the bird itself, which can be avoided. Greatly alleviates the adverse effects of heat stress.
9. Environmental hygiene Keep the poultry house dry and clean, avoid humidity, keep the flock in good health as a whole, and improve its adaptability to high temperature and heat stress resistance
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